Prednisone

Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppresses immune system function. It is used to treat inflammation, autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, and certain infectious complications. Prednisone is metabolized in the liver to prednisolone, its active form.

Research examines prednisone efficacy across various diseases. This information is for research and educational purposes only. No medical advice.

Prednisone acts as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with the following mechanisms:

• Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6)
• Suppression of Th1 cell differentiation
• Increased apoptosis of lymphocytes
• Stabilization of lysosomal membranes
• Reduction of capillary permeability
• Inhibition of phospholipase A2

Clinical trials indicate that prednisone:

• Reduces time to clinical stability in pneumonia (3.0 vs 4.4 days in controlled trials)
• Shows both symptomatic improvement and slowing of radiographic progression in long-term rheumatoid arthritis therapy at doses of 10 mg/day or less
• Effectively suppresses inflammation and cytokine production
• May be beneficial in early phases of COVID-19
• Enables synergistic effects when combined with other therapies

Common side effects with short-term use:

• Sleep disturbances
• Nervousness and mood changes
• Increased infection susceptibility
• Gastrointestinal discomfort

With long-term use:

• Weight gain and central adiposity
• Bone density loss (osteoporosis)
• Hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance
• Hypertension
• Adrenal suppression

Rapid discontinuation after prolonged use is contraindicated and requires gradual tapering.

Prednisone tablets should be stored in a dry, cool place, protected from light. Storage temperature should be between 15-25 degrees Celsius. Original containers protect against moisture and should remain tightly sealed. Do not refrigerate. Do not use after expiration date.