Ivermectin

Ivermectin is a macrocyclic lactone antiparasitic derived through fermentation from the soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. It acts against a wide range of parasites including roundworms (nematodes) and arthropods. Ivermectin is used to treat onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, and scabies.

Research examines its effects against various parasitic diseases. This information is for research and educational purposes only. No medical advice.

Ivermectin works by potentiating gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in parasite nervous systems. This results in:

• Paralysis of parasite muscle
• Disruption of ion channel function
• Glutamate receptor overload
• Loss of parasite reactivity and motility
• Lethal effect on parasites

Selectivity for parasites is based on differential GABA receptor expression and blood-brain barrier differences.

Clinical trials indicate that ivermectin:

• Is highly effective against Onchocerca volvulus
• Eliminates Strongyloides stercoralis infections
• Is effective for scabies treatment
• Shows different efficacy profiles at various dosages
• Exhibits dose-dependent relationship in severe parasitic burdens
• Enables broad activity against arthropods

Meta-analyses clarify that higher doses or multiple administrations may be necessary for complex parasitic infections.

Common side effects include:

• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, diarrhea)
• Itching (Herxheimer-like reaction from parasite breakdown)

More serious side effects are rare, but neurological symptoms can occur at very high doses. Ivermectin is contraindicated in neurofil arial infections in West Africa without additional monitoring.

Ivermectin tablets should be stored in a dry, cool place, protected from light. Storage temperature should be between 15-25 degrees Celsius. Original containers protect against moisture and light and should remain tightly sealed. Do not refrigerate.