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Weight management

Mazdutide

A GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist based on oxyntomodulin. Related to survodutide, studied mainly in China.

5 min read 17 sources

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Mazdutide vial with white powder and the black TPD label on a white podium, next to a large blue 3D peptide chain in a bright lab
Compound approved · in China since 2025

Summary

At a glance

Sources checked on 26 Oct 2026

Targets
2 receptors

GLP-1 and glucagon, derived from the gut hormone oxyntomodulin15

Half-life
6.3 days

Phase 1b study: 6.3 to 16.8 days (150.9 to 403.5 hours), fits one dose per week3

Body weight in phase 3
-14.0 %

GLORY-1 at 48 weeks, higher of the two doses (placebo +0.3%)10

HbA1c in phase 3
-2.15 percentage points

Type 2 diabetes at 24 weeks, higher dose (placebo -0.14)12

Phase 3 by the developers
9 trials

5 of them completed, as of 26 Oct 2026. Trials run by hospitals come on top and are not counted here16

  • Mazdutide is a dual agonist at the receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon. It is derived from the gut hormone oxyntomodulin and carries a fatty acid that keeps it in the blood for a long time.153
  • In phase 3 (GLORY-1, 48 weeks) body weight fell by 14.0 percent on average at the higher dose, on placebo it rose by 0.3 percent. A higher phase 3 dose gave -16.7 percent after 60 weeks in GLORY-2.1011
  • In type 2 diabetes long-term blood sugar (HbA1c) fell by up to 2.15 percentage points in phase 3. In a head-to-head trial against dulaglutide Mazdutide was ahead for HbA1c and weight.1213
  • The most common effects in the trials were gastrointestinal, such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, mostly mild to moderate.1011
  • Mazdutide has been approved in China since June 2025, not so far in the EU or the USA. Everything here describes the state of research, not a recommendation.1517
Profile

Updated May 2026

Class
GLP-1 / glucagon dual agonist

oxyntomodulin analogue

Frequency
Once weekly

subcutaneous

Half-life
Several days

weekly dose

Form
Lyophilised powder

reconstituted with BAC water

Sizes
5 to 10 mg

2 sizes in the shop

Contents 16 sections
  1. At a glance
  2. What is Mazdutide?
  3. How it works
  4. What you need
  5. Reconstitution
  6. Injection
  7. Dosing
  8. What the research shows
  9. Research status
  10. Side effects
  11. Lifestyle
  12. Storage
  13. Related compounds
  14. FAQ
  15. Glossary
  16. Sources

What is Mazdutide?

Mazdutide (development names IBI362 and LY3305677) is a dual agonist at GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, just like survodutide. The difference is in the build: mazdutide is derived from oxyntomodulin, a gut hormone the body makes that naturally hits both receptors. It is developed and mainly studied in China.

It is injected once a week. Mazdutide has been approved in China since June 2025 (weight management) and since September 2025 also for type 2 diabetes there (Shirley, 2025). It ships as a freeze-dried powder you dissolve in bacteriostatic water before the first use.

Comparison

One, two or three receptors

Which receptors each compound targets, as stated in the TPD lexicon. Tap a card to open its entry.

Mono agonist Semaglutide GLP-1 GIP Glucagon 1 of 3 receptors Dual agonist Tirzepatide GLP-1 GIP Glucagon 2 of 3 receptors
Dual agonist Mazdutide GLP-1 GIP Glucagon 2 of 3 receptors
Dual agonist Survodutide GLP-1 GIP Glucagon 2 of 3 receptors Triple agonist Retatrutide GLP-1 GIP Glucagon 3 of 3 receptors

Simplified: more receptors does not automatically mean better, each path also brings its own effects. 1517

How it works

The GLP-1 part does the familiar work: it boosts the insulin response, slows gastric emptying and dampens appetite, the food noise gets quieter. The glucagon part additionally raises energy expenditure and fat breakdown, especially in the liver.

Because mazdutide is based on oxyntomodulin, the glucagon share is comparatively pronounced. Studies suggest this helps not only with weight but also with metabolism and liver fat. But more is not automatically better here either.

Where it acts

Two receptors, several organs

Tap a point or a card. Colour = receptor, grey = effect seen in trials.

  1. Brain

    Less appetite in a phase 1 study with high doses8

    GLP-1
  2. Pancreas

    HbA1c clearly lower in type 2 diabetes in phase 312

    GLP-1
  3. Liver

    Liver enzyme ALT fell more than on placebo in phase 21

    Glucagon
  4. Waist

    Waist circumference fell more than on placebo at all dose levels1

    Observed in trials
  5. Blood pressure

    Systolic blood pressure fell 9.9 mmHg more than on placebo at the highest phase 2 level1

    Observed in trials
  6. Stomach and gut

    Complaints mainly in the days after a dose and in the first dose levels3

    Observed in trials

Known targets15

Compound CHEMBL5095358: two described targets, all Agonist.

GLP-1 receptor
Gene
GLP1R
UniProt
P43220
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1784
Action
Agonist
Glucagon receptor
Gene
GCGR
UniProt
P47871
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1985
Action
Agonist
Translucent blue cells with golden fat droplets, with blue 3D molecules docking onto receptors on their surface
Symbolic image.

What you need

Before you start, have everything ready. The list is short:

Supplies

5 things, numbered as in the picture

Tick off what you already have. Vial and BAC water are our real shop photos at the same size.

Mazdutide vial and bacteriostatic water at the same size with the black TPD label, next to two U-100 insulin syringes, two alcohol swabs and a sharps container with a blue lid

  1. Mazdutide vial

    The Mazdutide vial with the freeze-dried powder

    In the shop

  2. Bacteriostatic water

    Bacteriostatic water to dissolve it

    In the shop

  3. U-100 insulin syringes

    U-100 insulin syringes for the injection (they also work for drawing the water, you just draw more often; a larger syringe is faster but not a must)

    Amazon (opens a new tab)

  4. Alcohol swabs

    Alcohol swabs for the vial cap and the skin

    Amazon (opens a new tab)

  5. Sharps container

    A sealable sharps container for used needles

As an Amazon associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Links open Amazon - no extra cost for you.

With everything clean and in one place, the rest is straightforward.

Reconstitution

The powder is dissolved in bacteriostatic water. How much water you add sets the concentration and therefore how many units you later draw on the insulin syringe for your dose.

Use the peptide calculator for exactly this: pick your vial size and the water volume to instantly see the concentration and the units per dose. Roughly: less water means higher concentration and fewer units.

When dissolving, just add the bac water and let the powder dissolve. It does not matter if the water hits the powder directly. Swirling or shaking are both fine.

Step by step

Dissolving the powder

Four steps, the same for every vial size.

  1. 1Wipe the cap

    Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab.

  2. 2Add BAC water

    Just add it, it does not matter if it hits the powder directly.

  3. 3Swirl or shake

    Until everything has dissolved, both are fine.

  4. 4Draw up

    With the U-100 insulin syringe.

Less water higher concentration fewer units on the syringe Example: 10 mg + 2 ml = 5 mg/ml

Injection

The injection is subcutaneous, into the fat layer under the skin. Common spots are the abdomen (keep about two finger-widths clear of the navel), the front and the inner side of the thigh, or the back of the upper arm.

The short version:

Injection

Where and at what angle

Pick a spot or switch the angle. Subcutaneous means: into the fat layer, not the muscle.

Rotate the spot each time, never the same one twice in a row.

90°More fat under the skin

Rule of thumb: where there is more fat under the skin, insert straight at 90 degrees. In lean people with little fat, 45 degrees, so the needle stays in the fat layer. Simplified diagram.

  1. Clean the spot with an alcohol swab and let it dry

  2. Pinch up a small fold of skin

  3. Insert the needle: at 90 degrees where there is more fat under the skin, at 45 degrees in lean people with little fat

  4. Inject slowly, wait a moment, then withdraw

  5. Put the needle straight into the sharps container

Rotate the site each time so the tissue does not get irritated.

Dosing

Dosing

Dosing, titration and syringe

Loading the dosing information …

  • Getting started and stepping up, drawn as a staircase
  • Units on the U-100 syringe for every step
  • How long one vial lasts

What the research shows

Mazdutide is well documented, but mainly in China. In the phase 2 obesity study (Nature Communications, 2023), weight dropped dose-dependently and clearly over 24 weeks. Several metabolic markers improved too. A 2024 meta-analysis summarises efficacy and safety across several studies.

Phase 3 results are now available. In GLORY-1 (Ji, NEJM 2025, 610 adults in China) weight fell by 14.0 percent after 48 weeks with the higher dose, while it stayed practically unchanged on placebo. Mazdutide has been approved in China since June 2025. There are fewer data outside China. A phase 2 trial in the USA (Hsia, 2026) and a phase 1 study tested weekly doses up to 16mg. That is the highest study dose so far and not a guide value.

The individual studies with links are in the source block below.

Study results

What the trials measured

Interactive: switch tabs, tap points, show or hide arms. Arms are named relative to each other, no dosing advice.

Body weight at the end of the trial1011

Mean change in percent per trial

GLORY-110 Overweight or obesity, China, 48 weeks
Placebo +0.30%
Lower phase 3 dose -11.00%
Higher phase 3 dose -14.01%
GLORY-211 Obesity with BMI of 30 or more, China, 60 weeks
Placebo -1.50%
Highest phase 3 dose -16.65%

Values as stated in the abstracts. GLORY-1 analyses all participants regardless of discontinuation (treatment-policy estimand). GLORY-2 tested only one, higher dose and also included people with type 2 diabetes. The trials are not directly comparable.

Body weight by dose level19

Mean change in percent, two phase 2 trials

China, 24 weeks1 Overweight or obesity, 248 participants
Placebo +1.0%
Level 1 (lowest) -6.7%
Level 2 -10.4%
Level 3 (highest in the trial) -11.3%
USA, 32 weeks9 Obesity or overweight without diabetes, 179 participants
Placebo -0.9%
Lowest level (USA) -7.3%
Middle level (USA) -15.6%
Highest study dose (16 mg) -18.1%

The trial in China went up to the third level, the US trial up to the highest study dose. In the lowest US group the dose was only raised from week 32. In the US trial 20 percent stopped at the highest level because of side effects, mainly gastrointestinal.

Long-term blood sugar HbA1c at 24 weeks12

Change in percentage points, phase 3 versus placebo without other diabetes drugs

Phase 3 versus placebo12 320 participants, mean baseline HbA1c 8.24 percent
Placebo -0.14 pp
Lower phase 3 dose -1.57 pp
Higher phase 3 dose -2.15 pp

Over the same time weight fell by 5.61 and 7.81 percent, on placebo by 1.26 percent. After that everyone received Mazdutide for another 24 weeks.

Body weight after 28 weeks13

Difference from dulaglutide in percentage points, type 2 diabetes, 731 participants

DREAMS-213 Dulaglutide as reference (0)
Dulaglutide (comparator) 0.00 pp
Lower phase 3 dose -3.78 pp
Higher phase 3 dose -5.76 pp

Least-squares differences from the abstract. Both doses were also ahead for HbA1c (-0.24 and -0.30 percentage points versus dulaglutide). Gastrointestinal effects were more common with Mazdutide.

Glass model of a stomach on a white table, next to an empty plate with a fork and three Petri dishes
Symbolic image.

Research status

Where the research stands

From the first human trials to approval in China: the registered trials of the two developers testing Mazdutide, with status, participants and results. As of 26 Oct 2026. 16

  1. Preclinical Developed from oxyntomodulin with a fatty acid
  2. Phase 1 8 trials, 8 completed
  3. Phase 2 10 trials, 6 completed
  4. Phase 3 9 trials, 5 completed
  5. Approval in China since 2025
3,726 participants in phase 3 Planned figures for running trials Approved in China: since June 2025 for long-term weight management, since September 2025 for type 2 diabetes. Not approved in the EU or the USA, ChEMBL lists phase 3 as the highest phase.15
Show all 19 phase 2 and 3 trials on a timelineHide timeline 11 completed 8 running 10 with results
Phase 2
Phase 3

Bar: start to primary endpoint (planned for running trials). Green = completed, blue = progress until 26 Oct 2026. Phase 1: 8 trials on safety and pharmacokinetics, not shown as bars.

Side effects

Like the whole class, gastrointestinal effects come first: nausea, fullness, sometimes diarrhoea or constipation. In the studies this was clearly dose-dependent and manageable through the slow titration. The glucagon share is the reason to ease in slowly.

Tolerability

Frequency in GLORY-2

Out of 100 participants per group, how many had the event over 60 weeks.

1 of 100 Placebo
53 of 100 Highest phase 3 dose
Event PlaceboHighest phase 3 dose
Vomiting11 1%53%
Nausea11 3%47%
Diarrhoea11 7%39%

Values from the GLORY-2 abstract (highest phase 3 dose), mostly mild to moderate. 2.9 percent stopped there because of side effects, in GLORY-1 0.5 to 1.5 percent depending on the dose (placebo 1.0 percent). In a phase 1b study the complaints occurred mainly in the first two dose levels and in the days right after a dose.11103

Lifestyle

Mazdutide takes the hunger away, the rest is on you. A few things get more out of the research phase and keep you healthy:

  1. Enough protein

    If you eat little, make the little you eat protein-rich, or you lose muscle along with fat.

  2. Drink enough

    With low appetite you often drink less without noticing. The risk of dehydration then goes up.

  3. Resistance training

    Keeps muscle mass while the weight comes off.

  4. Eat slowly

    With delayed gastric emptying you fill up faster, big portions sit heavy.

A glass of water, a bowl with eggs and avocado and a light blue resistance band on a bright table

Alcohol and very fatty meals make the nausea noticeably worse, especially early on.

Storage

The undissolved powder is robust, normal room temperature (around 20 to 25 degrees) is fine, ideally kept in the dark. Once dissolved, the solution goes into the fridge (2 to 8 degrees) and stays stable there for at least 4 to 6 months with barely any loss of potency, in practice considerably longer. The bacteriostatic water brings a preservative that keeps the dissolved form stable for longer.

Shelf life

How long it keeps

Undissolved (powder) Room temperature, around 20 to 25 degrees, dark

Robust, no fridge needed. Keeps for several months without trouble.

Dissolved (mixed) Fridge, 2 to 8 degrees

At least 4 to 6 months with barely any loss of potency. The bacteriostatic water brings a preservative.

  • Keep it dark
  • Dissolved: 2 to 8 degrees
  • Note the mixing date on the vial
Nine vials with white powder and blue caps in the door shelf of a bright fridge
Powder dark at room temperature, once dissolved into the fridge (2 to 8 degrees), stable there for at least 4 to 6 months. Symbolic image.

Related

Related compounds

Same receptors or a different path: all in the TPD lexicon.

Mazdutide
Survodutide Same receptors, different structure Retatrutide Triple agonist, adds GIP Tirzepatide GLP-1 and GIP, comparator in one trial Semaglutide GLP-1 only, comparator in trials Orforglipron GLP-1, studied as a tablet Cagrilintide Different path: amylin Eloralintide Different path: amylin

FAQ

Common questions about Mazdutide

Short answers, each backed by the sources below.

Is Mazdutide approved?

In China, yes. The first approval came in June 2025 for long-term weight management in obesity or overweight with a related condition, type 2 diabetes followed in September 2025. Mazdutide is not approved in the EU or the USA, ChEMBL lists phase 3 as the highest phase. The information here describes the state of research and is not a recommendation for use.1517

How does Mazdutide differ from Tirzepatide and Retatrutide?

The receptors. Mazdutide acts on GLP-1 and glucagon, Tirzepatide on GLP-1 and GIP, Retatrutide on all three. Mazdutide is derived from the gut hormone oxyntomodulin, which naturally addresses both receptors. A running trial with a higher dose compares it directly with Tirzepatide, there are no results yet.316

What did the phase 3 trials show?

In GLORY-1 weight fell by 11.0 and 14.0 percent on average after 48 weeks, on placebo it rose by 0.3 percent. In GLORY-2 with a higher dose it was 16.7 versus 1.5 percent after 60 weeks. In type 2 diabetes HbA1c fell by 1.57 and 2.15 percentage points after 24 weeks (placebo 0.14). Against dulaglutide both doses were ahead for HbA1c and weight.10111213

How long does Mazdutide stay in the body?

In the first phase 1b study in China the half-life was between 6.3 and 16.8 days. An attached fatty acid makes this possible. That fits one dose a week, which is how all trials give Mazdutide.3

How high were the doses in trials?

The highest study dose was 16 mg per week, in a phase 1 study and a phase 2 trial in the USA. There weight fell by 18.1 percent after 32 weeks, but 20 percent stopped because of side effects. All trials raise the dose in steps over weeks. The entry describes the same principle: start low and only increase while there is no noticeable effect. This is not a dosing recommendation.89

Which side effects were seen?

Mainly gastrointestinal effects, mostly mild to moderate. In GLORY-2 53.1 percent had vomiting, 46.9 percent nausea and 39.4 percent diarrhoea (placebo 1.3, 3.2 and 6.5 percent). In GLORY-1 only 0.5 to 1.5 percent stopped because of side effects. In an early study the complaints occurred mainly in the first dose levels.11103

Which trials are still running?

Four of the listed phase 3 trials are not finished yet: on fatty liver versus semaglutide, on sleep apnoea, in adolescents and on high blood pressure. Phase 2 trials are running on heart failure with obesity and on fatty liver with inflammation (MASH).16

Glossary

Terms explained briefly

Dotted words in the text open these explanations directly.

Agonist
A substance that binds to a receptor and activates it, like the body's own messenger. A dual agonist activates two different receptors.
GLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide 1: gut hormone that releases insulin, slows gastric emptying and signals fullness in the brain.
Glucagon
Hormone from the pancreas that acts mainly in the liver. It releases stored sugar and promotes the breakdown of fat.
Half-life
Time after which only half of a substance is left in the blood. At several days one dose a week is enough.
HbA1c
Long-term blood sugar: reflects average blood sugar over the past eight to twelve weeks.
Lyophilisate
Freeze-dried powder. Without water a peptide keeps much longer.
Oxyntomodulin
The body's own gut hormone, released after eating, that acts on both the GLP-1 and the glucagon receptor. The model for Mazdutide.
Placebo
Dummy preparation without active substance. Comparing against it shows what is due to the substance itself.
Receptor
Protein on the cell surface that a messenger docks onto. Only then does the cell respond.
Subcutaneous
Into the fat layer just under the skin.
Trial phases
Phase 1 tests tolerability in a few people, phase 2 looks for the dose, phase 3 confirms benefit and safety in many. After that, approval can be requested.

Evidence

Sources

Show all 17 sourcesHide sources 15 Studies1 Trial registry1 Database checked 26 Oct 2026

Studies

  1. Phase 2 trial in overweight and obesity in China

    Ji et al., Nature Communications, 2023

    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-44067-4 PMID 38092790 NCT04904913
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed, PubMed Central (Volltext)
  2. Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety

    Nalisa et al., Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2024

    DOI 10.3389/fendo.2024.1309118 PMID 38440786
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  3. First phase 1b study with ascending doses, including half-life

    Ji et al., EClinicalMedicine, 2021

    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101088 PMID 34430840 NCT04440345
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed, PubMed Central (Volltext)
  4. Phase 1b study with higher doses

    Ji et al., EClinicalMedicine, 2022

    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101691 PMID 36247927 NCT04440345
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  5. Phase 1b study in type 2 diabetes

    Jiang et al., Nature Communications, 2022

    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-31328-x PMID 35750681 NCT04466904
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  6. Phase 2 trial in type 2 diabetes

    Zhang et al., Diabetes Care, 2024

    DOI 10.2337/dc23-1287 PMID 37943529 NCT04965506
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  7. Phase 2 part with a higher dose in obesity

    Ji et al., Med, 2026

    DOI 10.1016/j.medj.2026.101063 PMID 41875890 NCT04904913
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  8. Phase 1 study with the highest study dose

    Bhattachar et al., Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2025

    DOI 10.1111/dom.70040 PMID 40832785 NCT05623839
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  9. Phase 2 trial in the USA up to the highest study dose

    Hsia et al., The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2026

    DOI 10.1016/S2213-8587(26)00160-9 PMID 42628555 NCT06124807
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  10. Phase 3 trial GLORY-1 in overweight and obesity

    Ji et al., New England Journal of Medicine, 2025

    DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2411528 PMID 40421736 NCT05607680
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  11. Phase 3 trial GLORY-2 with a higher dose

    Gao et al., JAMA, 2026

    DOI 10.1001/jama.2026.8142 PMID 42251595 NCT06164873
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  12. Phase 3 trial in type 2 diabetes versus placebo

    Zhu et al., Nature, 2026

    DOI 10.1038/s41586-025-10026-w PMID 41407859 NCT05628311
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  13. Phase 3 trial DREAMS-2 versus dulaglutide

    Guo et al., Nature, 2026

    DOI 10.1038/s41586-025-10031-z PMID 41407860 NCT05606913
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  14. Design and baseline data of DREAMS-3 (versus semaglutide)

    Luo et al., Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2026

    DOI 10.1016/j.cct.2025.108150 PMID 41260459 NCT06184568
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed
  15. Review of the first approval in China

    Shirley, Drugs, 2025

    DOI 10.1007/s40265-025-02249-y PMID 41028652
    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via doi.org, Crossref, PubMed

Trial registry

  1. All trials on ClinicalTrials.gov

    ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine

    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via ClinicalTrials.gov API v2

Database

  1. Entry with development status in ChEMBL

    ChEMBL, EMBL-EBI (CHEMBL5095358)

    Checked 26 Oct 2026 via ChEMBL

In the shop

Mazdutide in the catalog

Sizes, prices and shipping times are on the product page.

To the product